Biomedical Links



Diseases and Disorders
Links pertaining to Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
 
Alert! Patients looking for guidance among the target sources of this collection of links are strongly advised to review the information retrieved with their professional health care provider.
 
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Contents:
Abdominal Pain - Abscess - Agnosia - Alopecia - Amaurosis Fugax - Amblyopia - Amnesia - Angina Pectoris - Anisocoria - Anomia - Anoxia - Aphasia - Apnea - Apraxias - Arrhythmias, Cardiac - Ascites - Asphyxia - Atrial Fibrillation - Back Pain - Bacteremia - Blindness - Blister - Bradycardia - Brown-Sequard Syndrome - Cafe-au-Lait Spots - Cardiomegaly - Cellulitis - Cerebellar Ataxia - Cerebral Hemorrhage - Chest Pain - Chorea - Chronic Disease - Colic - Color Vision Defects - Communication Disorders - Confusion - Constipation - Cough - Cyanosis - Cysts - Deafness - Death - Dehydration - Diplopia - Disease - Dizziness - Dyslexia - Dyspepsia - Dystonia - Ecchymosis - Edema - Encopresis - Epistaxis - Eye Hemorrhage - Facial Asymmetry - Facial Paralysis - Fasciculation - Fatigue - Feminization - Fetal Death - Fetal Distress - Fetal Growth Retardation - Fever - Fibrosis - Fistula - Flatulence - Flushing - Gait Disorders, Neurologic - Gangrene - Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage - Gastroparesis - Gastroschisis - Granuloma - Granuloma Annulare - Halitosis - Hallucinations - Headache - Hearing Disorders - Hearing Loss, Sudden - Heart Block - Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial - Hematoma, Subdural - Hematuria - Hemianopsia - Hemiplegia - Hemoptysis - Hepatomegaly - Hernia - Hernia, Diaphragmatic - Hernia, Hiatal - Hernia, Umbilical - Hiccup - Hirsutism - Horner Syndrome - Hyperacusis - Hypercapnia - Hyperemesis Gravidarum - Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular - Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular - Hyperventilation - Hyphema - Hypothermia - Inflammation - Intermittent Claudication - Intestinal Polyps - Jaundice - Jaundice, Neonatal - Kernicterus - Kidney Calculi - Long QT Syndrome - Malignant Hyperthermia - Meckel Diverticulum - Memory Disorders - Menstruation Disturbances - Mental Retardation - Muscle Cramp - Muscle Spasticity - Mutism - Myoclonus - Nasal Polyps - Nausea - Neck Pain - Neoplasm Metastasis - Neoplasm, Residual - Neuralgia - Nocturia - Obesity - Olfaction Disorders - Oliguria - Ophthalmoplegia - Osteonecrosis - Pain - Paralysis - Phantom Limb - Photophobia - Postpartum Hemorrhage - Postpericardiotomy Syndrome - Presbycusis - Prosopagnosia - Proteinuria - Pruritus - Pupil Disorders - Purpura - Quadriplegia - Sciatica - Scotoma - Seizures - Sepsis - Sex Chromosome Aberrations - Shock - Shock, Hemorrhagic - Shock, Septic - Short Bowel Syndrome - Signs and Symptoms - Sleep Disorders - Snoring - Spasm - Speech Disorders - Sudden Infant Death - Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive - Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - Tachycardia - Taste Disorders - Tinnitus - Torticollis - Tracheoesophageal Fistula - Tremor - Trismus - Unconsciousness - Ventricular Fibrillation - Vertigo - Vision Disorders - Vocal Cord Paralysis - Voice Disorders - Vomiting - XYY Karyotype -


    Alopecia   
   See another page

    Blister   
   See another page

    Calculi   

     Urinary Calculi   

      Kidney Calculi   
     See another page


    Cysts   
   See another page

    Diverticulum   

     Diverticulum, Esophageal   

      Zenker Diverticulum   
     See another location


     Meckel Diverticulum   
    See another page


    Facial Asymmetry   
    About Hemifacial Microsomia - Children's Hosp of Wisconsin (US)
    A Guide to Understanding Hemifacial Microsomia 1993, and about Microtia - CCAkids.com

    Fistula   
    About Anal Abscess and Fistula - American Soc Colon & Rectal Surgeon
    Practice Parameters for Treatment of Fistula-in-Ano - American Soc Colon & Rectal Surgeon
    About Perilymph fistula [TC Hain]
    Perilymph fistula [JR Logan] - eMedicine
    About Tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia repair - ADAM, via MedlinePlus
    Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula - Am Acad Family Physicians
    Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula - ADAM, via MedlinePlus
    Vesicovaginal Fistula [Riley and Spurlock] - eMedicine
    About Vesicovaginal Fistula [Vasavada and Rackley] - eMedicine
    About Laparoscopic Repair of Vesicovaginal Fistula - Atlanta Center for Laparoscopic Urogynecology (US)
    Worldwide Fistula Fund

       Tracheoesophageal Fistula   
      See another page


    Hernia   
    Nat'l Ambulatory Hernia Institute, Inc.
    Hernia Information - The British Hernia Centre, London (UK)
    Brief Hernia Referral Guidelines - Madigan Army Medical Center (US)
    Surgical Options in the Management of Groin Hernias [Bax, Sheppard, Crass] - Am Family Phys, Jan 1999
    Abdominal Hernia Repair Surgery , and Abdominal Hernia Repair Surgery - YourSurgery.Com
    About Paediatric Hernias - Surgical-Tutor (UK)
    About Inguinal (Scrotal) Hernia - Wikipedia
    Hernia: Laparoscopic Surgery (review) , Sep 2004 - NHS/NICE (UK)
    Umbilical Hernia in Children - Cincinnati Children's (US)
    About Umbilical Hernias from the North Penn Hernia Institute - (US)
    Hernia Topics in the Vesalius Image Folio
    Images of a Strangulated Femoral (Crural) Hernia - Univ of Pisa/Surgery (IT)

      Gastroschisis   
     See another page

      Hernia, Ventral   

       Hernia, Umbilical   
      See another page


     Hernia, Diaphragmatic   
     Types of Diaphragmatic Hernia - CHORUS, Med College of Wisconsin (US)
     About Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia - Children's Hosp., Boston (US)
     CHERUBS - Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Research, Advocacy and Support

      Hernia, Hiatal   
      Hiatus Hernia - Jackson Gastroenterology (US)
      Heartburn, GERD, and Hiatal Hernia - NIDDK (US)
      The Heartburn Alliance - (US)
      Heartburn and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux - CORE (UK)


    Hypertrophy   

     Cardiomegaly   
    See another page

      Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular   
     See another page

      Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular   
     See another page


     Hepatomegaly   
     Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver) - PatientPlus (UK)
     About Hepatomegaly - MedlinePlus/ADAM
     Brief notes on Hepatomegaly in Newborns - FPNotebook


    Polyps   

     Intestinal Polyps   
     About Polyps - Wikipedia
     Colon Polyps and Cancer - Jackson Gastroenterology (US), and a small collection of Colon Polyps photos - Three Rivers Endoscopy C. (US)
     Management of Colonic Polyps and Adenomas [guidelines] - SSAT
     Images of Diminutive Polyp , Hyperplastic Polyp and Malignant Polyp - Atlanta South Gastroenterology
     Gardner Syndrome - MedicineNet
     About Gardner Syndrome [Singhal and Hovis] - eMedicine
     A case of Gardner's syndrome [pathol. image] - WebPath, Univ of Utah (US)

     Nasal Polyps   
    See another page


   Pathologic Processes   

    Arrhythmias, Cardiac   
   See another page

     Atrial Fibrillation   
    See another page

     Bradycardia   
    See another page

     Heart Block   
    See another page

     Long QT Syndrome   
    See another page

     Tachycardia   
    See another page

     Ventricular Fibrillation   
    See another page


    Ascites   
    About Ascites - Wikipedia
    Synopsis of Ascites , and Causes of Ascites - FPNoteBook
    What Is Ascites? , and about 'Intractabel Ascites' (Liver Cirrhosis and Ascites) [F Wong] - Hepatitis Central
    On Ascites , and a case of Ascites and Hellmer's Sign - AccessMedicine, McGraw-Hill

    Chromosome Aberrations   

     Sex Chromosome Aberrations   
     About Sex Chromosome Abnormalities [D O'Neil] - Palomar College, CA (US)
     A report of Sex Chromosome Abnormalities Found Among 34,910 Newborn Children in Denmark - Birth Defects 1991
     The XXYY Project
     Research on Sex Chromosome Abnormalities ( SCA ) at Stanford Psychiatry Neuroimaging Lab. (US)
     See also under Klinefelter syndrome , and Turner syndrome [links]

      XYY Karyotype   
      About the XYY syndrome - Wikipedia
      XYY Males: An Orientation [booklet] - Turner Center (DK), and an image of the karyotype 47,XYY - Washington Univ./Pathol.
      XYY: Stereotype of the Karyotype [ER Friedlander]


    Death   
    About Death - Wikipedia
    Clinical Guidelines for the Determination of Brain Death - N.Y. State Department of Health (US)
    The Int'l Network for the Definition of Death
    About The Diagnosis of Brain Death [EFM Wijdicks] - NEJM, Apr 2001
    Bioethics for clinicians: Brain death [Lazar et al.] - CMAJ, Mar 2001
    On Near Death Experience - Wikipedia

     Asphyxia   
     Asphyxia and Ischemic-Hypoxic Encephalopathy - My Sick Newborn
     Experiencing Perinatal Asphyxia [NP Simon] - Emory Univ. (US)
     On Asphyxia - WrongDiagnosis.com
     Restraint Asphyxia - Silent Killer [CD Miller]
     Drowning [Moore Shepard et al.] - eMedicine
     Near Drowning - Merck Manual/Home Ed.
     Evaluating Near-Drowning and Drowning Victims [H Szpilman] - USLA
     Some notes on Asphyxial Deaths - Forensic Med./Univ of Dundee (UK)
     About the Heimlich Maneuver - MedlinePlus
     On The Heimlich Procedure in Near-Drowning Resuscitation , and Heimlich Letter (USLA) and Reply (H. Heimlich) - USLA

     Death, Sudden   

      Sudden Infant Death   
      SIDS Alliance - (US)
      Study: Bacteria a factor in Sudden Infant Death syndrome - AP/USAToday, May 2008
      Nat'l SIDS Resource Center - (US)
      The SIDs Network
      SIDS: facts and controversies - editorial, MJA Aug 2000
      SIDS and Serotonin - Brain Briefings, Soc For Neuroscience
      Current Topics at SIDS and Kids
      American Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Institute
      About Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - OMIM, NCBI (US)


     Fetal Death   
    See another page


    Dehydration   
   See another page

    Disease   
    About Nosology - Wikipedia
    ICD-10 Classification of Diseases - WHO
    Imaging of Tropical Disease [Palmer and Reeder] - USUHS (US)
    The fetal origins of adult disease [on Barker's hypothesis] - editorial BMJ, Feb 2001

    Disease Attributes   

     Chronic Disease   
     Preventing Chronic Disease [journal] - CDC (US)
     On Improving Chronic Disease Management - Dept of Health (UK)
     US National Chronic Care Consortium
     US National Association of Chronic Disease Directors - Atlanta, GA (US)


    Fibrosis   
    About Fibrosis and Fibrotic Tissue - LymphNotes.com
    On Fibrosis and Anti-Fibrotic Therapeutics - FibroGen
    Endomyocardial Fibrosis - DiagnosisPro
    About Endomyocardial Fibrosis [JL Furgerson]
    Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation
    A case of Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy) [Baumgarten et al.] - AAFP, Aug 2008
    See also under Cystic Fibrosis [links]

     Retroperitoneal Fibrosis   
    See another location


    Granuloma   
    About Granuloma - Wikipedia
    Atlas of Granulomatous Diseases [Y Rosen]
    Facial Granuloma with Eosinophilia [pictures] - Dermis/Erlangen (DE)
    Granuloma Pyogenicum [pictures] - Dermis/Erlangen (DE)
    Foreign Body Granuloma - PathWeb/U of Connecticut
    Granuloma in Lung - PathWeb/U of Connecticut

     Granuloma Annulare   
    See another page


    Growth Disorders   

     Fetal Growth Retardation   
    See another page


    Hemorrhage   

     Ecchymosis   
     About Bleeding into the skin - MedlinePlus, and Purpura [links]
     Brief note about Black Eye - Adam, via MedlinePlus
     Bleeding and Bruising: A Diagnostic Work-up [Ballas and Kraut] - AAFP, Apr 2008
     A case of Ecchymosis of the skin - PathWeb
     Ecchymoses [picture; EC Klatt]

     Epistaxis   
    See another page

     Eye Hemorrhage   
    See another page

      Hyphema   
     See another page


     Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage   
     Understanding Gastrointestinal Bleeding - ACG (US)
     Gastrointestinal bleeding - Merck Manual
     Gastrointestinal Bleeding , referral guidelines - Univ of Washington, School of Medicine (US)
     Gastrointestinal bleeding: an emergency [Goldsack et al.] - Student BMJ, Mar 1999 (UK)
     On Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding [Cagir and Ciricione] - eMedicine
     Some clinical notes about Rectal bleeding - Well Close Square Surgery (UK)
     Diagnosis and management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding [Barnet and Messman] - Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Heptology, Nov 2009
     Dieulafoy's lesion: an obscure cause of GI bleeding [Al-Mishlab et al., Aug 1999] - JRCSEd (UK)

     Hematoma   

      Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial   
     See another page

      Hematoma, Subdural   
     See another page


     Hematuria   
    See another page

     Hemoptysis   
    See another page

     Intracranial Hemorrhages   

      Cerebral Hemorrhage   
     See another page

      Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial   
     See another page

      Hematoma, Subdural   
     See another page


     Shock, Hemorrhagic   
     On Hemorrhagic Shock - SOGC Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2002 (CA)

     Uterine Hemorrhage   

      Postpartum Hemorrhage   
     See another page


     Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal   

      Jaundice, Neonatal   
     See another page


     Jaundice   
     About Yellow Skin / Jaundice - Adam, via MedlinePlus
     Jaundice - Wikipedia
     About Jaundice - Merck
     Some Diseases associated with Hyperbilirubinemia - NetBiochem/Utah
     Bilirubin related info - FPNotebook
     A Jaundice patient [yellow sclera; photo; EC Klatt]
     Jaundice in Newborns [links]

     Kernicterus   
     Kernicterus [Springer and Annibale] - eMedicine
     About Kernicterus (Bilirubin Toxicity) - FPNotebook
     Newborn jaundice - A.D.A.M. via MedlinePlus


    Inflammation   
    On Inflammation & Repair [E. Friedlander] Pathology Lecture Notes - (US)
    Institute for Inflammation Research [K Bendtzen] - Rigshospitalet (DK)
    About Inflammation [P Slavkovsky] - (SK)
    Inflammation, images - WebPath
    About C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Inflammation - Adam, via MedlinePlus
    About C-Reactive Protein (CRP) - WebMD
    On C-Reactive Protein (CRP) [G Reeves] - HAPS (AU)
    About High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (HS-CRP) - Cleveland Clinic (US)
    Inflammation Research Association - (US)
    About Corticosteroids - Cleveland Clinic (US), and some more about Corticosteroid - Wikipedia

      Abscess   
      About Abscess - Adam, via medlinePlus
      About Abscess [I Brook] in Polymicrobial Diseases, 2002 - via NLM Bookshelf
      Peritonsillar Abscess [Mehta and Silverberg] - e-Medicine

      Cellulitis   
     See another page


     Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome   
     Brief Notes on Shock and Sepsis - Monash (AU)
     Sepsis Syndrome - Nursing Home Abuse Resource
     Septic Shock [JS Stapczynski] - e-Medicine
     About Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation [Becker and Wira] - eMedicine

      Sepsis   
     See another page

       Bacteremia   
      See another page

       Shock, Septic   
      See another page


    Menstruation Disturbances   
    About The Menstrual Cycle [P Bischof] - (CH)
    The Menstrual Cycle - Wikipedia
    Does Menstrual Synchrony Really Exist? [C Adams] - The Straight Dope
    On Using Lybrel (Anya) to Control Menstruation - The Well-Timed Period
    Vaginal Bleeding - What's Normal? [MP Evans] - MayoClinic (US)
    FAQs about Tampons - Tampax (US)
    About Genital Bleeding in Prepubertal Girls - Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago (US)
    About Abnormal Uterine Bleeding [patient booklet] - ASRM (US)
    About Menorrhagia (Excess Menstrual Bleeding) [S Simmons] - CTDS
    Abnormal bleeding periods [video clip]
    About Amenorrhea [Bielak and Harris] - eMedicine
    About Menopause - NIA/NIH (US)
    Follow-up study confirms Health risks of long-term combination hormone therapy outweigh benefits for postmenopausal women - Mar 2008 (US)
    Menopausal Hormone Therapy - NIH
    The North American Menopause Society
    Pros and Cons for Treatment of Menopause Symptoms and Managing Your Body's Changes - The Hormone Foundation
    Investigation of Post-Menopausal Bleeding - SIGN (UK)
    Menopause - ThirdAge
    Male climacterium: a misnomer with clinical relevance? [S Arver] - (SE)
    Is there a menopause in men? or Isn't there? - Psychological Aspects of Human Sexuality

    Necrosis   

     Gangrene   
     Clostridial Myonecrosis (Gas Gangrene) - eCureMe
     About Gas Gangrene [Shukla and Rosen] - e-Medicine
     On Fournier's Gangrene - Urology Channel
     About Fournier Gangrene [Marynowski and Aronson] - e-Medicine
     Gangrene , and Necrotizing Fasciitis - Wikipedia
     Examples of "Wet" Gangrene and "Dry" Gangrene [EC Klatt]

     Osteonecrosis   
    See another page


    Neoplastic Processes   

     Neoplasm Metastasis   
    See another page

     Neoplasm, Residual   
    See another page


    Postoperative Complications   

     Malignant Hyperthermia   
     Malignant Hyperthermia Association of US
     Malignant Hyperthermia - UCLA (US)
     Malignant Hyperthermia - Socialstyrelsen (SE)
     Heat Related Illnesses - US Army Medical
     Hyperthermia: Too Hot for Your Health - US Nat'l Inst on Aging

     Postpericardiotomy Syndrome   
    See another page

     Short Bowel Syndrome   
    See another page


    Shock   
    Cardiogenic Shock [Brandler and Sinert] - e-Medicine
    Brief Notes on Shock and Sepsis - Monash (AU)
    Septic Shock [MR Filbin] - e-Medicine
    Shock: some clinical scenarios - Critical Care Medicine Tutorials
    The journal Shock [archived issues older than 1 year free]

     Shock, Hemorrhagic   
    See another location

     Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome   
    See another location

      Shock, Septic   
     See another page


   Signs and Symptoms   
   About L'hermitte's phenomenon - BBC Health/Ask the Doctor (UK)
   L'hermitte's phenomenon ('Barber's chair') - Aetna InteliHealth

     Fever   
     Causes of fever? [S Demick]
     Evaluating Fever of Unidentifiable Source in Young Children [Sur and Bukont; free abstract] - AAFP, Jun 2007
     Fever in Children [Behjati and FitzSimons] - StudentBMJ, Feb 2009
     About Inflammation and Fever [P Slavkovsky] - (SK)
     About Fever in Children - FamilyDoctor.org
     Management of the Child with Fever - Joanna Briggs Institute (AU)
     What Every Parent Should Know About Febrile Seizures - AAFP (US)
     About Fever of Unknown Origin - Univ of Tennessee Medical Group (US)
     Evaluating the Febrile Patient with a Rash [McKinnon and Howard] - AAFP, 2000
     Cancer related Fever, chills, and sweats - NCI
     Clinical Diagnosis, Management, and Surveillance of Exertional Heat Illness [Gardner and Kark] - Borden Institute (US)
     On Temperature Regulation of the Human Body [KR Koehler] - (US)
     On Fever and the Flow of Time [AC Custance]

     Hypothermia   
     Guidelines for treating Hypothermia [Emergency Cardiac Care Committee, 1992] - via Hypothermia.org
     Hypothermia Prevention, Recognition and Treatment [R Douwens]
     On Hypothermia from SARBC, BC (CA)
     Medical Aspects of Cold Environments [see Section II] - US Army
     Hypothermia - Wikipedia


    Body Weight   

     Overweight   

      Obesity   
     See another page


    Cyanosis   
    On Cyanosis - WrongDiagnosis
    About Cyanosis [L Martin] - eMedicine
    Types of Cyanotic Congenital Defects - Mamas Health.com, and about Transposition of the Great Arteries [Charpie and Maher] - eMedicine

    Edema   
    About Edema - InteliHealth
    Tissue Edema and General Principles of Transcapillary Fluid Exchange [RE Klabunde]
    About Pitting and Non-Pitting Edema - MedicineNet
    Edema - synopsis , and Edema evaluation - FP Notebook
    About Edema of the leg - Wrong Diagnosis
    Brief notes about Swelling [including some images] - Adam, via MedlinePlus
    About Venous Stasis - Podiatry Network
    Lower Body Edema and Cancer [F Manuel]
    Lymphedema links

    Eye Manifestations   

     Eye Hemorrhage   
    See another page


    Fatigue   
    Anemia and Fatigue - InteliHealth
    About Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) - BUPA (UK)
    Cancer Fatigue [see left column] - Cancer Symptoms
    See also under Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic [links]

    Feminization   
    Feminization of the Transsexual [DK Ousterhout]
    FAQs for Male-to-Female Transsexuals

    Fetal Distress   
    Why Are We Using Electronic Fetal Monotoring? [CC Kripke; May 1999] - AAFP (US)
    On Respiratory Distress Syndrome of the Newborn - Lung USA
    What constitutes Fetal Distress? [JP Phelan] - via ObGyb.net

    Flushing   
    About Flushing - Wikipedia

    Intermittent Claudication   
   See another page

    Neurologic Manifestations   

     Dyskinesias   

      Ataxia   

       Cerebellar Ataxia   
      See another page


      Chorea   
     See another page

      Dystonia   
     See another page

       Torticollis   
      See another page


      Myoclonus   
     See another page

      Tremor   
     See another page


     Gait Disorders, Neurologic   
    See another page

     Neurobehavioral Manifestations   

      Apraxias   
     See another page

      Communication Disorders   
     See another page

        Anomia   
       See another page

        Dyslexia   
       See another page

        Speech Disorders   
       See another page

         Aphasia   
        See another page

         Mutism   
        See another page


       Learning Disorders   

        Dyslexia   
       See another page


      Confusion   
     See another page

      Consciousness Disorders   

       Unconsciousness   
      See another page


      Memory Disorders   
     See another page

       Amnesia   
      See another page


      Mental Retardation   
     See another page

      Perceptual Disorders   

       Agnosia   
      See another page

        Prosopagnosia   
       See another page


       Hallucinations   
       About Hallucinations - Adam, via medlinePlus
       On Hallucinations and Delusions
       About Charles Bonnet Syndrome - RNIB (UK)
       Charles Bonnet Syndrome: elderly people and visual hallucinations [Jacob et al.] - BMJ, Jun 2004

       Phantom Limb   
      See another page


      Psychomotor Disorders   

       Apraxias   
      See another page


     Neuromuscular Manifestations   

      Fasciculation   
     See another page

      Muscle Cramp   
     See another page

      Muscle Hypertonia   

       Muscle Spasticity   
      See another page


      Spasm   
     See another page

       Trismus   
      See another page


     Pain   
    See another page

      Back Pain   
     See another page

      Headache   
     See another page

      Neck Pain   
     See another page

      Neuralgia   
     See another page

       Sciatica   
      See another page


     Paralysis   
    See another page

      Facial Paralysis   
     See another page

      Gastroparesis   
     See another page

      Hemiplegia   
     See another page

      Ophthalmoplegia   
     See another page

       Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive   
      See another page


      Paraplegia   

       Brown-Sequard Syndrome   
      See another page


      Quadriplegia   
     See another page

      Vocal Cord Paralysis   
     See another page


     Pupil Disorders   
    See another page

      Anisocoria   
     See another page

      Miosis   

       Horner Syndrome   
      See another page


     Seizures   
    See another page

     Sensation Disorders   

      Dizziness   
     See another page

      Hearing Disorders   
     See another page

        Deafness   
       See another page

        Hearing Loss, Sensorineural   

         Presbycusis   
        See another page


        Hearing Loss, Sudden   
       See another page


       Hyperacusis   
      See another page

       Tinnitus   
      See another page


      Olfaction Disorders   
     See another page

      Taste Disorders   
     See another page

      Vision Disorders   
     See another page

       Amblyopia   
      See another page

       Blindness   
      See another page

        Amaurosis Fugax   
       See another page


       Color Vision Defects   
      See another page

       Diplopia   
      See another page

       Hemianopsia   
      See another page

       Photophobia   
      See another page

       Scotoma   
      See another page


     Sleep Disorders   
    See another page

     Vertigo   
    See another page

     Voice Disorders   
    See another page


    Pain   
   See another page

     Abdominal Pain   
     About Belly Pain (in Kids) - KidsHealth
     Abdominal Pain: Differential diagnosis according to pain location - NetHealthBook
     Abdominal Pain in Children - eMedicine Health
     Evaluation of Acute Abdominal Pain in Adults [Cartwright and Knudson] - AAFP, Apr 2008
     Guideline re Chronic Abdominal Pain in Children - US Nat'l Guideline Clearinghouse, 2005
     Abdominal Pain - MedicineNet

      Colic   
      About Colic - Mayo Clinic
      Colic - BUPA (UK)
      Rock around the clock - Infantile Colic: Any treatments that work? - ICES, Apr 2002 (CA)
      About Biliary Colic [Gilroy and Mukherjee] - eMedicine


     Back Pain   
    See another page

     Chest Pain   
     About Chest Pain - MayoClinic
     About Chest Pain - Adam, via medlinePlus
     Approach to Chest Pain - AccessMedicine, McGraw-Hill
     Acute Coronary Syndrome and Chest Pain; Diagnosis and Treatment of - ICSI
     Chest Pain - MedicineNet
     Guidelines for the Diagnosis and treatment of chest pain and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) - ICSI 2008
     Diagnosing the Cause of Chest Pain [WE Cayley Jr] - AAFP, Nov 2005
     On Diagnosing Chest Pain - SOMATOM, 2006, Siemens
     Chest Pain, and Possible Underlying Causes - Cardiology Channel
     See also under Angina [links]

      Angina Pectoris   
     See another page


     Headache   
    See another page

     Neck Pain   
    See another page

     Neuralgia   
    See another page

      Sciatica   
     See another page


    Signs and Symptoms, Digestive   

     Abdominal Pain   
    See another location

      Colic   
     See another location


     Constipation   
     Why am I constipated? - NIDDK (US)
     Evaluation and Treatment of Constipation in Infants and Children [Biggs and Dery] - AAFP, Feb 2006
     Constipation , referral guidelines - Univ of Washington, School of Medicine (US)
     Constipation in Children [CD Rudolph] - Rubinstein-Tabyi Syndrome site
     Treatment of Constipation in Older Adults [C Hsieh] - AAFP, Dec 2005
     Tips on the Management of Constipation in the Terminally Ill Patient [K MacKinnon] - The Berries, 1997
     On Constipation [CA Ternent] - ASCRS, 2007
     Toward a definition of colonic inertia [Bassotti et al.] - World J of Gastroenterology, Sep 2004
     see also under Diverticulitis [links]
     see also under Intestinal Obstruction [links]

     Dyspepsia   
     About Dyspepsia - Wikipedia
     Dyspepsia: Quick Reference Guide , Aug 2004 - NHS/NICE (UK)
     Evaluation and Management of Dyspepsia [Bazaldua et al.] - AAFP (US)

     Encopresis   
     About Encopresis - Keepkidshealthy.com
     Treatment Guidelines for Primary Nonretentive Encopresis and Stool Toileting Refusal [Kuhn et al.] and about When Your Toddler Doesn't Want to Use the Toilet - AAFP, Apr 1999
     About Your Child and Encopresis [Poulton et al.] - Center for Disabilities and Development

     Flatulence   
     Windy Symptoms - CORE (UK)
     Clearing the Air (about Flatulence) - Principal Health News
     On Intestinal Gas (Belching, Bloating, and Flatulence) - MedicineNet
     A video discussion about Intestinal Gas problems - WrongDiagnosis
     A short essay on flatulence - Merck
     About Black Pepper in Traditional Medicine - Plant Cultures
     Some Gas saving tips [Gardner and Waldstreicher]

     Halitosis   
     About Chronic Halitosis [S Dankle] - OFCN (US)
     Bad Breath [R Chawla] - StudentBMJ
     About Bad Breath and some Bad Breath FAQs [M Rosenberg] - Tel Aviv University (IL)
     Common Questions about Bad Breath - C for Breath Treatment (US)
     A note on 'Acetone Breath' - Children With Diabetes
     About Breath odor - ADAM, via MedlinePlus

     Hiccup   
     What are hiccups and why do we get them? - Ask Cecil [Adams]
     On Hiccups [G Wilkes] - eMedicine

     Nausea   
     About Nausea, and Vomiting - The Cleveland Clinic
     Nausea and Vomiting , referral guidelines - Univ of Washington, School of Medicine (US)
     A symptoms and signs index on Nausea at MedicineNet
     On Nausea and Vomiting in Infants and Children - FamilyDoctor.org
     Nausea and Vomiting - QuickCare

     Vomiting   
     About Stomach Flu/Vomiting and Diarrhea/ in Children - HealthSquare (US)
     Vomiting Blood (Hematemesis) - Adam, via MedlinePlus
     Nausea and Vomiting , referral guidelines - Univ of Washington, School of Medicine (US)
     Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association (US & Canada)
     About Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome [Venkatesan and Li] - eMedicine
     About Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome - About Kids/GI Disorders
     The Disease in Disguise (Cyclic Vomiting) [including one child's experience]
     See also under Phobic Disorders [links]
     About Antiemetics and Antinauseants - South African Medicines Formulary (ZA)

       Hyperemesis Gravidarum   
      See another page


    Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory   

     Anoxia   
     Anoxia/Hypoxia - NINDS (US)
     Diving and Problems with Gases - Diving Medicine Online (UK)

     Apnea   
    See another page

     Cough   
    See another page

     Hemoptysis   
    See another page

     Hypercapnia   
     On Respiratory Acidosis [Priestley and Litman] - eMedicine
     About Carbon dioxide - WikiPedia

     Hyperventilation   
    See another page

     Respiratory Sounds   

      Snoring   
      About Snoring - AAO-HNS (US)
      Breathing Disorders During Sleep - NHLBI, via MedHelp
      On Laser Surgery for Snoring and Sleep Apnea [Dickson and Mintz]
      See also under Apnea [links]


    Skin Manifestations   

     Cafe-au-Lait Spots   
    See another page

     Ecchymosis   
    See another location

     Jaundice   
    See another location

     Pruritus   
    See another page

     Purpura   
     Purpura - MedlinePlus
     About Bleeding under the skin - WrongDiagnosis
     Briefly about Petechiae in Children - Dr JM Hull
     About Petechiae, Purpura, and Ecchymoses - Univ of Wisconsin/Pediatrics, and some overview notes - FPnotebook


    Urological Manifestations   

     Nocturia   
     About Nocturia (night-time urination) - NetDoctor (UK)
     Nocturia - US National Sleep Foundation
     Male Nocturia Can Have Multiple Causes - Reuters Health, via URO Today

     Oliguria   
    See another page

     Proteinuria   
    See another page


    Virilism   

     Hirsutism   
    See another page

copyright Tor Ahlenius
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